EASY-V 3440 Surface Area & Porosimetry Analyzer Advanced Surface Area and Pore Size Analysis Equipment. OVERVIEW | FEATURES | ABOUT | ADVANTAGES | ENQUIRE / CALL BACK Product Overview The EASY-V 3440, a product of CIQTEK, is a state-of-the-art Surface Area Analyzer designed for meticulous surface area and pore size measurements. Utilising the static volumetric method, this instrument has achieved multiple international certifications, marking its position at a global standard. The EASY-V 3440, with its advanced features, has been embraced by numerous universities and research institutions worldwide, making it a trusted name in material characterization. Features & Benefits Precision Guaranteed:…
Gas Pycnometer Density Analyzer EASY-G 1310 High-precision density measurement using the gas displacement method. OVERVIEW | FEATURES | ABOUT | ADVANTAGES | ENQUIRE / CALL BACK Product Overview The EASY-G 1310, designed by CIQTEK, is a state-of-the-art Gas Pycnometer Analyzer that employs the gas displacement method for accurate density measurements. This compact, lightweight device boasts high integration and offers exceptional value for its cost. With its multi-sample container design, it delivers precise and repeatable results, making it an indispensable tool for assessing the true density and porosity of various materials, including powders, bulk solids, and foams. Features & Benefits Precision…
PlasmaPURE Plus acids are manufactured with trace metal levels less than 10 ppt (0.01ppb). Commonly used in semiconductor, nuclear, clinical, pharmaceutical and geochemical analysis. Used for sample and standards preparation for ICP-AES, ICP-MS, Flame AA and Graphite Furnace AA spectroscopy. Supplied with a Certificate of Analysis containing lot number expiry date maximum specification for over 60 analytes Complete documentation for audit purposes Packaged in Class 10 clean room conditions – Supplied in preleached Teflon® bottles for optimum quality Available in sizes from 250 ml to 2 litres Acetic acid Ammonia solution Hydrochloric acid Hydrofluoric acid Nitric acid Sulfuric acid Hydrogen…
The Automatic Cloud and Pour Point Analyzer is a state of the art piece of equipment for measuring cloud point by Optical Detection and pour point with the Automatic Tilt Method. The Cloud Point is an index of the lowest temperature of a petroleum product or a biodiesel fuels utility for certain applications. Wax crystals of sufficient quantity can plug filters used in some fuel systems. The Pour Point of a petroleum product is an index of the lowest temperature of its utility for certain applications. Flow characteristics, such as pour point can be critical for the correct operation of…
Description Specification Description RIGAKU Online Sulfur Analysis:Advanced X-ray Transmission (XRT) Sulfur Gauge—for Crude Oil, Marine Bunker Fuel and Blending OperationsRigaku’s NEX XT is the next generation process gauge for high-level sulfur measurement (0.02% to 6% S) of crude, bunker fuel, fuel oils, and other highly viscous hydrocarbons. On-Line Sulfur GaugeThis versatile, compact and robust X-ray Transmission (XRT) process gauge is specifically optimized for the sulfur analysis needs of refineries, pipelines, blending operations, bunkering terminals and other storage facilities. Applications for the NEX XT include bunker fuel blending to meet MARPOL Annex VI sulfur restrictions, interface detection of different grade fuels…
The multi EA® 5000 is extremely versatile: The determination of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur and chlorine is only a small part of what it can do. TOC, EOX or AOX/TOX analyses are further areas easily covered by the multi EA® 5000. This makes it a universal talent to be used in various fields. • Application diversity – one analyzer for solid, paste-like, fluid, gaseous and LPG samples • C, N, S and Cl determination in one instrument • Multi-matrix sampler, for fully-automated determination of solid and fluid samples in vertical or horizontal furnace configuration • • Extended measuring range with low…
The Q6000 Fuel Dilution Meter (FDM) is a portable fuel dilution meter that can be used in the laboratory or in the field to provide rapid and accurate measurements of fuel contamination in engine oil. The Q6000 was designed with a patent-protected sampling method using an innovative ‘fang’ design. The sampling occurs using a headspace system with repeatability of <+5 percent RSD up to 15 percent fuel content. The headspace vapour sampling approach also eliminates the need to heat fuel-laden samples and does not require the use of solvents. Fuel dilution in lubrication oil can cause serious engine damage. For…
The Multi X 2500 analyser is the highest performing AOX analyser available and can be extended to EOX, POX, TOX, TX, TC, TIC and TOC applications. Find out all you need to know about the principles of AOX analysis by visiting our dedicated page (CLICK HERE) There are a number of AOX/TOX regulations in force, for example, DIN ISO 9652, EPA 1650 for AOX in water and wastewater, and EPA 9020B for TOX in wastewater. Whatever your sample, whatever your halogen – we can analyse it. The complete solution for environmental monitoring The determination of organic halogens which…
The Ring Shear Tester RST-01.pc is floor mounted and designed for handling powders with large sample sizes. This includes coal, cereals, soil and other coarse materials. The RST-01.pc is suitable for all powders and bulk solids up to a particle size of 5-10 mm. It performs the tests automatically and is controlled by a PC and control software RST-CONTROL 95. Contact Us ENQUIRE CALL US LIVE CHAT * Live chat opening hours Mon – Fri 9:15 to 16:30 (UK Time)
Complimenting our range of Hitachi thermal analysis instruments, SciMed is also pleased to provide a high-throughput multi-sample TGA from Navas Instruments. This instrument is specifically designed for applications in industries that require fast, consistent and reliable analysis of moisture, volatiles and ash content without the need for constant operator attention. Typical areas of applications include: • coal• food• plastics• cement• iron ore• flour• rubber• fertiliser• soil analysis• biomass industries Features• An internal balance prevents the need to remove samples for weighing.• Up to 19 samples with automatic crucible cover placement and removal can be analysed in a single run.• Automatic…
The Parr Model 6200 Isoperibol Calorimeter represents the current development of the traditional removable bomb and bucket calorimeter. This model is suitable for those who require a high degree of precision and a reasonable anticipated workload but without the automation associated with the 6400 model. It is recommended for use with: • waste• fuel• coal• oil purposes• propellants• explosives• food samples for nutritional data• small scale samples (micro conversion kit required) It is deal for university research and for those working to ASTM or BS standards. You can also visit the Parr website for more product details by clicking on…
The Parr Model 6400 Automatic Isoperibol Calorimeter offers the world’s most automated calorimeter featuring the fixed bomb and bucket design. It is the calorimeter of choice for high throughput contract laboratories. This calorimeter builds on ten years experience gained with its predecessor 1281 and 6300 models. This 6400 is suitable for those who require a high precision instrument and a high anticipated workload of up to 7 tests per hour. It is recommended for use with: • waste• fuel• coal• oil purposes• propellants• explosives• food samples for nutritional data• small scale samples (micro conversion kit required) It is deal for…
Sherwood Scientific have developed and manufactured a range of two general purpose Fluid Bed Dryers (FBDs): one analogue and one with digital controls of airspeed, temperature and time. In addition, Sherwood Scientific have also developed a programmable FDB where drying programmes can be created and stored on computers. BenefitsThe laboratory fluid bed dryer offers significant advantages over conventional drying techniques: • The high rates of heat and mass transfer ensure much faster and more homogeneous drying than other methods such as oven and vacuum drying.• Drying times range from a few seconds to minutes. Complete drying is usually achieved in…
Radioactive materials science requires handling of hazardous substances (fuels, wastes, reactive gases, etc) under safe conditions for the operators and characterisation instruments. In a lot of cases, these materials need to be handled in glove boxes or in hot cells (lead chamber) depending on the radiations types and intensities. Thermal analysis and calorimetry are common thermal characterization techniques for nuclear fuels (current or candidates), wastes, and surrounding materials (e.g. cladding). It means that the instruments concerned must be customised to become compatible with these specific operating conditions.
The study of fossil fuels by thermal analysis can yield valuable information. For example thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) can be used for proximate analysis of coal.
Recent developments in ultra low sulfur (ULS) fuel have improved fuel efficiency and created cleaner exhaust gases. Globally, the permitted sulfur limit in fuel oils has been decreased to 10ppm in many countries and regions. For compliance verification, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry is the definitive analysis tool for use at distribution terminal and refineries, as well as mobile or stationary testing laboratories. In recent years, there has been an increasing need for an instrument which does not require the use of helium gas, for instances, when acquisition or delivery of helium to the analysis site is difficult. The Micro-Z ULS…
Sulfur in petroleum-based fuels contributes to atmospheric pollution. Sulfur content in fuels, especially in automobile fuels, is strictly controlled and regulations of sulfur content in fuel oil, such as diesel fuel and gasoline, have been tightened. Therefore, control of sulfur content is very important in refineries. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has been used for quantitative analysis of sulfur in petroleum-based fuels, owing to simple sample preparation. In XRF analysis of fuel oil, the sample is simply poured into a plastic cup equipped with a transparent film without any complicated treatment, such as chemical decomposition or serial dilution. In addition, concentration…
Crude oil contains sulfur in concentration from 0.5 mass% to 5.0 mass% typically, and sulfur is one of critical elements in refinery processes and final products. Sulfur in petroleum-based fuels contributes to atmospheric pollution; therefore, sulfur content in fuels, especially in automobile fuels, is strictly controlled. Sulfur also causes damage to process components such as catalysts in refinery processes. Therefore, control of sulfur content is very important in the petroleum industry from the standpoints of both environmental and production costs. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has been used for quantitative analysis of sulfur in petroleum products, owing to simple sample preparation….
Coal is the most abundant source of energy amongst the remaining fossil fuels in the world. Coal production is classified into two groups based on its usage. Thermal (steam) coal is used for generation of electricity, whereas metallurgical (coking) coal is mainly used for production of steel. Coal beneficiation (coal cleaning) is critical since it determines the quality of final product. Rapid and accurate elemental determination is therefore important in order to assure that harmful components to the environment such as ash and sulfur are sufficiently low. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry with pressed powder method is a simple analysis technique…
Recycling has become a term that cannot be ignored in the industrial world. Recycling is roughly classified into (1) “re-use”, utilizing something again for the same purpose, (2) “material recycling”, returning something into the original material for subsequent use, (3) “chemical recycling”, changing something into another material for subsequent use, and (4) “thermal recycling”, using something for thermal energy. New technologies utilizing fly ash of urban refuse as cement material (chemical recycling) and converting urban refuse into solid fuel (thermal recycling) have attracted a lot of attention. In X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, it is possible to perform qualitative and quantitative…
Crude oil contains sulfur in concentration from 0.5 mass% to 5.0 mass% typically, and control of the level of sulfur in refinery intermediates and final products is critical in a refinery. Sulfur in petroleum-based fuels contributes to atmospheric pollution; therefore, sulfur content in fuels, especially in automobile fuels, is strictly controlled. Sulfur also causes damage to facilities such as catalysts in refinery processes. Therefore, control of sulfur content is very important in the petroleum industry from the standpoints of both environment and production cost. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has been used for quantitative analysis of sulfur in petroleum products, owing…
Crude oil is raw material for petroleum products and contains sulfur in concentration from 0.5 mass% to 5.0 mass% typically. Residual fuel oil and high-sulfur diesel fuel are mainly used for boilers and burners, agricultural machines, and long-distance mass transportation means, such as vessels and diesel locomotives of rail road, equipped with large engines. Sulfur compounds in petroleum cause various harmful influences such as air pollution, metal corrosion and catalyst degradation. Therefore, sulfur concentration of crude oil and high-sulfur fuels is monitored or controlled in refinery and production processes in the petroleum industry. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry has been used…
Ash consists of the metal oxides and heavier elements that remain after combustion removes the organic, gaseous and volatile components. Coal quality and pricing in part depends on sulfur, chlorine and ash content of the coal, and these parameters also indicate the origin and type of coal as well as combustion properties in the furnace, kiln or boiler. EDXRF offers a fast and simple low cost method of measuring the sulfur and chlorine content and predicting the % ash content, without the need for radioisotopes or long combustion analytical methods. To demonstrate repeatability, five calibration standards were selected to show…
Carbon black is made from coal tar and various petroleum tars from the cracking process. Carbon black is a crystalline form of carbon with very high surface area to volume ratio and is used mainly as a reinforcing filler in tires and used to strengthen engine hoses and gear belts. It is also used as copier toner inks and as pigment in polymers. The elemental characterization of the carbon black is critical to ensure proper quality of the various products. To meet this industry need Applied Rigaku Technologies offers Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), ideal for the fast and simple…
XRF is the most common method for testing waste oils, processed fuel oils and recycled fuel oil. It complies with methods such IP 503, IP 593 and IP 336. All heavy metals, toxic metal and transition metals derived form the wear of engines and other machinery can be tested
“Element analysis of aerosols and particulate matter released in smokestacks, and other industrial gas discharge, is vital to ensure that environmentally acceptable levels of toxic and hazardous elements are released properly into the air. Monitoring smoke or other gaseous waste is important in many areas, such as industrial manufacturing, coal-fired power plants, chemical and plastics production, etc., in order to minimize air pollution and the release of toxic metals in compliance with US EPA and other world and regional or local governing regulations. As a tool to help ensure compliance and proper release, Rigaku offers the NEX CG EDXRF analyzer…
Water-methanol-oil mixtures in varying compositions are used as additive in internal combustion engines. Here, water injection, also known as anti-detonant injection systems (ADI), is used to spray water or a water/methanol mixture into the fuel/air mixture in order to cool the introduction system avoiding premature ignition of the fuel. This leads to improved behavior in terms of engine knocking and compression ratio in engines of aircrafts and racing cars. Results are increased power and fuel efficiency, improved power output for short duration such as increase of thrust of jets during takeoff, and reduction of NOX and CO emissions by decreased…
Nuclear power plants are an important and efficient source of electrical energy, supplying over 12% of the world’s electricity. Many modern plants use a pressurized water reactor (PWR) due to their improved safety and self-regulating capability. The reactor coolant plays a very important role in the process. In a PWR, the primary coolant (water) is pumped under high pressure to the reactor core where it is heated by the energy generated by the fission of atoms. The higher water pressure enables more heat to be carried from the reactor and the heated, radioactive water then flows to a steam generator…
Mercury is a well-known toxic element and considered as one of the top ten chemicals of public health concern by the World Health Organization. It is a neurotoxin that rapidly bioaccumulates and can cause major health problems, and even death, in small quantities. Chronic exposure at low levels is known to affect the nervous, digestive and immune systems as well as the lungs, kidneys and eyes with fetuses and breast feeding babies susceptible to developmental effects. Mercury is a naturally occurring element found in air, water and soil through volcanic activity. Although, human activity contributes significantly through the burning of…
Water within power plants, and particularly boiler feed water, is subject to strict analytical control. Organic impurities in the boiler feed water can easily oxidize under high pressure and high temperatures and may lead to the formation of corrosive organic acids and carbonic acid. State-of-the-art feed water production therefore uses reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration membranes and ion exchangers to reduce and control the corrosion potential of the final feed water. The condensate return has to be checked for TOC levels as well to monitor for contamination, for example contamination caused by leakages in the steam pipes or heat exchangers. In…
Calorific value determination of coal, coke and oil sources for power generation. Any powerstation that is burning coal, coke, oil, or SRD and RDF must know it’s energy value for deterining power generation. Parr calorimeters are a crucial tool for every day use for the analysis labs associated with power generation.
Calorimeters are a crucial tool in the manufacture and burning of RDF and SRF fuel. The total energy content of the fuel is key to its value and power generation abilities when burned and the Parr range of calorimeters can determine this CV waste
AOX (AOX – absorbable organically bound halogens) is an analytical convention which represents the sum of all organically bound halogens (except fluorine), mainly used in water and waste water analysis. Solid samples like sludge or sediments can also contain AOX. The solid AOX however has to be determined by the batch method which is not part of this application. The compounds containing halogens are adsorbed onto the surface of activated carbon (charcoal) in dissolved or suspended form. The activated carbon is washed afterwards with aqueous nitrate washing solution to remove inorganic halides. During the combustion of the loaded charcoal in…
The determination of total sulfur (TS) by means of combustion-coupled UVfluorescence detection is an integral part of the daily routine in the process and quality control of refineries, derived fuels production, and many other labs dealing with control and legal limit checking of fuels and related matrices. This is to avoid undesirable effects such as catalyst poisoning, corrosion of installation parts, low product quality, or exceeding legal limits.
Total Nitrogen Determination in Bio-based Fuels According to ASTM D4629 – Standard Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Hydrocarbons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion and Chemiluminescence Detection The production of alternative fuels becomes increasingly popular, as they provide a way to respond to both, the growing demand for energy and the goal to reduce carbon emissions. In addition to technologies based on the fermentation of starch and sugar, and the transesterification or hydrocracking of plant and animal oil (first generation biofuels), processes based on the conversion of cellulose-rich biomass and waste appear to be promising (second generation biofuels). With the…
Diesel is a mixture of various hydrocarbons that is produced during the fractionated distillation of crude oil. Its boiling interval is in the range of 150 to 390° C. Diesel is used mainly as fuel for automobiles. It can contain traces of organically bound chlorine, sulfur and nitrogen originating either from natural sources or from additives. During combustion of the fuel, these compounds form environmental pollutants. As these pollutants are hazardous to the human health and the environment, their content (N, S, Cl) should be kept as small as possible. To ensure the product quality and adhere to legal limit…
During the production of motor fuels by hydration of coal or vegetable oil, as well as during the production of traditional fuels based on mineral oil with biodiesel addition, end products with affected ignition characteristics can occur. In this case special additives — generally known as cetane improver — are used to enhance the ignitability (cetane number). Nitrogen compounds have proven to be especially suitable and cost efficient, such as amyl nitrate, cyclohexyl nitrite, triethylene glycol dinitrate, or 2-ethylhexyl nitrate (2-EHN). Besides the positive effect on the ignition characteristics these substances also lead to increased nitrogen content in the final…
For evaluation of the lubricity of diesel fuels using a high-frequency reciprocating rig (HFRR). A 2-mL test specimen of fuel is placed in the test reservoir and maintained at 25 or 60°C. When the temperature has stabilized, a vibrator arm holding a non-rotating steel ball and loaded with a 200-g mass is lowered until it contacts a test disk completely submerged in the fuel. The ball is caused to rub against the disk with a 1-mm stroke at a frequency of 50 Hz for 75 min. The ball is removed from the vibrator arm and cleaned. The dimensions of the…
The Copper Strip Tarnish Test assesses the relative degree of corrosivity of petroleum products, including aviation fuels, automotive gasoline, natural gasoline, solvents, kerosene, diesel fuel, distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil and other products. A polished copper strip is immersed in 30mL of sample at elevated temperature. After the test period, the strip is examined for evidence of corrosion and a classification number from 1-4 is assigned based on a comparison with the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards. For aviation fuels and natural gasoline the sample tube is placed inside a stainless steel pressure vessel during testing.
Determines the filterability of Diesel fuels and Biodiesel blend fuels in some automotive equipment at low temperatures. The Low Temperature Flow Test results are indicative of the low temperature flow performance of the test fuel in some diesel vehicles. The test method is especially useful for the evaluation of fuels containing flow improver additives in a range of +10°C to -30°C.
Determines the highest temperature at which a given volume of diesel, biodiesel or heating fuel fails to pass through a standardized wire mesh filtration device in a specified time when cooled under specified conditions. The Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP) of a fuel is suitable for estimating the lowest temperature at which a fuel will give trouble-free flow in certain fuel systems.
Cold Filter Plugging Point of Distillate Fuels Determines the highest temperature at which a given volume of diesel, biodiesel or heating fuel fails to pass through a standardized wire mesh filtration device in a specified time when cooled under specified conditions. The Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP) of a fuel is suitable for estimating the lowest temperature at which a fuel will give trouble-free flow in certain fuel systems.
Tests the corrosiveness of aviation turbine fuels towards silver. A polished silver strip is immersed in a fuel sample at elevated temperature. After a specified test period, the strip is removed from the sample, washed and evaluated for corrosion.
Determines the temperature below which solid hydrocarbon crystals may form in aviation turbine fuels and aviation gasoline. The freezing point of an aviation fuel is the lowest temperature at which the fuel remains free of solid hydrocarbon crystals that can restrict the flow of fuel through filters if present in the fuel system of the aircraft. The temperature of the fuel in the aircraft tank normally decreases during flight depending on aircraft speed, altitude, and flight duration. The freezing point of the fuel must always be lower than the minimum operational fuel temperature.
The Copper Strip Tarnish Test assesses the relative degree of corrosively of petroleum products, including aviation fuels, automotive gasoline, natural gasoline, solvents, kerosene, diesel fuel, distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil and other products. A polished copper strip is immersed in 30mL of sample at elevated temperature. After the test period, the strip is examined for evidence of corrosion and a classification number from 1-4 is assigned based on a comparison with the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards. For aviation fuels and natural gasoline the sample tube is placed inside a stainless steel pressure vessel during testing
Accelerated Laboratory and Field Procedure for the determination of corrosion of iron, in the presence of water, on samples such as gasoline and gasoline blended with 10% ethanol, E10 (Specification D4814); gasolineblend components (except butane); diesel fuel and biodiesel B5, except Grade No. 4-D (Specification D975); biodiesel B6 to B20 (Specification D7467); diesel-blend component such as light cycle-oil; No.1 fuel oil, No.2 fuel oil (Specification D396); aviation turbine fuel (Specification D1655)
Used for assessing potential storage stability of middle distillate fuels, including fuels with or without stabilizer additives, and freshly refined or previously stored fuels. The sample is aged in a pressurized vessel at constant temperature for 16 hours and, after cooling, the total amount of insoluble products is determined gravimetrically.
Determines the Filter Plugging Tendency (FPT) of distillate fuel oils where the end use demands an exceptional degree of cleanliness. This test is applicable to fuels within the viscosity range of 1.50 to 6.00 mm2/s (cSt) at 40°C. The test is not applicable to fuels that are not clear and bright because water interferes with the measurement of filter plugging. Causes of poor filterability might include fuel degradation products, contaminants picked up during storage or transfer, or interaction of the fuel with the filter media. Any of these could correlate with orifice or filter system plugging, or both.
Determines the temperature below which solid hydrocarbon crystals may form in aviation turbine fuels and aviation gasoline. The freezing point of an aviation fuel is the lowest temperature at which the fuel remains free of solid hydrocarbon crystals that can restrict the flow of fuel through filters if present in the fuel system of the aircraft. The temperature of the fuel in the aircraft tank normally decreases during flight depending on aircraft speed, altitude, and flight duration. The freezing point of the fuel must always be lower than the minimum operational fuel temperature.
Provides an indication of relative coke forming properties of petroleum oils. The residue remaining after a specified period of evaporation and pyrolysis is calculated as a percentage of the original sample.